X86 32 Bit Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)

The original 8086/8088 processor instructions:

• AAA
  ASCII Adjust After Addition
• AAD
  ASCII Adjust AX Before Division
• AAM
  ASCII Adjust AX After Multiply
• AAS
  ASCII Adjust AL After Subtraction
• ADC
  Add with Carry
• ADD
  Add
• AND
  Logical AND
• CALL
  Call Procedure
• CBW
  Convert Byte to Word
• CLC
  Clear Carry Flag
• CLD
  Clear Direction Flag
• CLI
  Clear Interrupt Flag
• CMC
  Complement Carry Flag
• CMP
  Compare Two Operands
• CMPS/CMPSB/CMPSW
  Compare String Operands
• CWD
  Convert Word to Doubleword
• DAA
  Decimal Adjust AL after Addition
• DAS
  Decimal Adjust AL after Subtraction
• DEC
  Decrement by 1
• DIV
  Unsigned Divide
• HLT
  Halt
• IDIV
  Signed Divide
• IMUL
  Signed Multiply
• IN
  Input from Port
• INC
  Increment by 1
• INT n/INTO/INT 3
  Call to Interrupt Procedure
• IRET
  Interrupt Return
• Jcc (JA, JAE, JB, JBE, JC, JCXZ, JE, JG, JGE, JL, JLE, JNA, JNAE, JNB, JNBE, JNC, JNE, JNG, JNGE, JNL, JNLE, JNO, JNP, JNS, JNZ, JO, JP, JPE, JPO, JS, JZ)
  Jump if Condition Is Met
• JMP
  Jump
• LAHF
  Load Status Flags into AH Register
• LDS/LES
  Load Far Pointer
• LEA
  Load Effective Address
• LOCK
  Assert LOCK# Signal Prefix
• LODS/LODSB/LODSW
  Load String
• LOOP/LOOPE/LOOPNE/LOOPNZ/LOOPZ
  Loop According to ECX Counter
• MOV
  Move
• MOV
  Move to/from Control Registers
• MOV
  Move to/from Debug Registers
• MOVS/MOVSB/MOVSW
  Move Data from String to String
• MUL
  Unsigned Multiply
• NEG
  Two’s Complement Negation
• NOP
  No Operation
• NOT
  One’s Complement Negation
• OR
  Logical Inclusive OR
• OUT
  Output to Port
• POP
  Pop a Value from the Stack
• POPF
  Pop Stack into EFLAGS Register
• PUSH
  Push Word, Doubleword or Quadword Onto the Stack
• PUSHF
  Push EFLAGS Register onto the Stack
• RCL/RCR/ROL/ROR
  Rotate
• REP/REPE/REPZ/REPNE/REPNZ
  Repeat String Operation Prefix
• RET/RETN/RETF
  Return from Procedure
• SAHF
  Store AH into Flags
• SAL/SAR/SHL/SHR
  Shift
• SBB
  Integer Subtraction with Borrow
• SCAS/SCASB/SCASW
  Scan String
• STC
  Set Carry Flag
• STD
  Set Direction Flag
• STI
  Set Interrupt Flag
• STOS/STOSB/STOSW
  Store String
• SUB
  Subtract
• TEST
  Logical Compare
• WAIT
  Wait
• XCHG
  Exchange Register/Memory with Register
• XLAT/XLATB
  Table Look-up Translation
• XOR
  Logical Exclusive OR

The original 8087 Floating-Point (FP) coprocessor instructions:

• ESC #
  8087 Escape Opcodes
• F2XM1
  Compute 2x-1
• FABS
  Absolute Value
• FADD/FADDP/FIADD
  Add
• FBLD
  Load Binary Coded Decimal
• FBSTP
  Store BCD Integer and Pop
• FCHS
  Change Sign
• FCLEX/FNCLEX
  Clear Exceptions
• FCOM/FCOMP/FCOMPP
  Compare Floating Point Values
• FDECSTP
  Decrement Stack-Top Pointer
• FDISI (deprecated)
  Disable Interrupts
• FDIV/FDIVP/FIDIV
  Divide
• FDIVR/FDIVRP/FIDIVR
  Reverse Divide
• FENI (deprecated)
  Enable Interrupts
• FFREE
  Free Floating-Point Register
• FICOM/FICOMP
  Compare Integer
• FILD
  Load Integer
• FINCSTP
  Increment Stack-Top Pointer
• FINIT/FNINIT
  Initialize Floating-Point Unit
• FIST/FISTP
  Store Integer
• FLD
  Load Floating Point Value
• FLD1/FLDL2T/FLDL2E/FLDPI/FLDLG2/FLDLN2/FLDZ
  Load Constant
• FLDCW
  Load x87 FPU Control Word
• FLDENV/FLDENVW
  Load x87 FPU Environment
• FMUL/FMULP/FIMUL
  Multiply
• FNDISI (deprecated)
  Disable Interrupts, No Wait
• FNENI (deprecated)
  Enable Interrupts, No Wait
• FNOP
  No Operation
• FNSAVE/FNSAVEW
  Store x87 FPU State, No Wait
• FNSTENV/FNSTENVW
  Store x87 FPU Environment, No Wait
• FPATAN
  Partial Arctangent
• FPREM
  Partial Remainder
• FPTAN
  Partial Tangent
• FRNDINT
  Round to Integer
• FRSTOR/FRSTORW
  Restore x87 FPU State
• FSAVE/FSAVEW
  Store x87 FPU State
• FSCALE
  Scale
• FSQRT
  Square Root
• FST/FSTP
  Store Floating Point Value
• FSTCW/FNSTCW
  Store x87 FPU Control Word
• FSTENV/FSTENVW
  Store x87 FPU Environment
• FSTSW/FNSTSW
  Store x87 FPU Status Word
• FSUB/FSUBP/FISUB
  Subtract
• FSUBR/FSUBRP/FISUBR
  Reverse Subtract
• FTST
  TEST
• FWAIT
  Wait
• FXAM
  ExamineModR/M
• FXCH
  Exchange Register Contents
• FXTRACT
  Extract Exponent and Significand
• FYL2X
  Compute y * log2X
• FYL2XP1
  Compute y * log2(X+1)

Instructions added with the 80186/80188 processors:

• BOUND
  Check Array Index Against Bounds
• ENTER
  Make Stack Frame for Procedure Parameters
• INS/INSB/INSW
  Input from Port to String
• LEAVE
  High Level Procedure Exit
• OUTS/OUTSB/OUTSW
  Output String to Port
• POPA
  Pop All General-Purpose Registers
• PUSHA
  Push All General-Purpose Registers

Instructions added with the 80286 processors:

• ARPL
  Adjust RPL Field of Segment Selector
• CLTS
  Clear Task-Switched Flag in CRO
• LAR
  Load Access Rights Byte
• LGDT/LIDT
  Load Global/Interrupt Descriptor Table Register
• LLDT
  Load Local Descriptor Table Register
• LMSW
  Load Machine Status Word
• LOADALL (undocumented)
  Load All Registers
• LSL
  Load Segment Limit
• LTR
  Load Task Register
• SGDT
  Store Global Descriptor Table Register
• SIDT
  Store Interrupt Descriptor Table Register
• SLDT
  Store Local Descriptor Table Register
• SMSW
  Store Machine Status Word
• STR
  Store Task Register
• VERR/VERW
  Verify a Segment for Reading or Writing

Floating-Point (FP) instructions added with the 80287 coprocessors:

• FSETPM
  Set Protected Mode (deprecated)

Instructions added with the 80386 processors:

• BSF
  Bit Scan Forward
• BSR
  Bit Scan Reverse
• BT
  Bit Test
• BTC
  Bit Test and Complement
• BTR
  Bit Test and Reset
• BTS
  Bit Test and Set
• CDQ
  Convert Doubleword to Quadword
• CMPSD
  Compare String Operands
• CWDE
  Convert Word to Doubleword
• INSD
  Input from Port to String
• IRETD/IRETDF/IRETF
  Interrupt Return
• JECXZ
  Jump if rCX Zero
• LFS/LGS/LSS
  Load Far Pointer
• LOADALL (undocumented)
  Load All Registers
• LODSD
  Load String
• LOOPD/LOOPED/LOOPNED/LOOPNZD/LOOPZD
  Loop According to ECX Counter
• MOVSD
  Move Data from String to String
• MOVSX
  Move with Sign-Extension
• MOVZX
  Move with Zero-Extend
• OUTSD
  Output String to Port
• POPAD
  Pop All General-Purpose Registers
• POPFD
  Pop Stack into EFLAGS Register
• PUSHAD
  Push All General-Purpose Registers
• PUSHD
  Push Word, Doubleword or Quadword Onto the Stack
• PUSHFD
  Push EFLAGS Register onto the Stack
• SCASD
  Scan String
• SETcc (SETA, SETAE, SETB, SETBE, SETC, SETE, SETG, SETGE, SETL, SETLE, SETNA, SETNAE, SETNB, SETNBE, SETNC, SETNE, SETNG, SETNGE, SETNL, SETNLE, SETNO, SETNP, SETNS, SETNZ, SETO, SETP, SETPE, SETPO, SETS, SETZ)
  Set Byte on Condition
• SHLD
  Double Precision Shift Left
• SHRD
  Double Precision Shift Right
• STOSD
  Store String

Floating-Point (FP) instructions added with the 80387 coprocessors:

• FCOS
  Cosine
• FLDENVD
  Load x87 FPU Environment
• FNSAVED
  Store x87 FPU State, No Wait
• FNSTENVD
  Store x87 FPU Environment, No Wait
• FPREM1
  Partial Remainder
• FRSTORD
  Restore x87 FPU State
• FSAVED
  Store x87 FPU State
• FSIN
  Sine
• FSINCOS
  Sine and Cosine
• FSTENVD
  Store x87 FPU Environment
• FUCOM/FUCOMP/FUCOMPP
  Unordered Compare Floating Point Values

Instructions added with the 80486 processors:

• BSWAP
  Byte Swap
• CMPXCHG
  Compare and Exchange
• CPUID (introduced in SL Enhanced models)
  CPU Identification
• INVD
  Invalidate Internal Caches
• INVLPG
  Invalidate TLB Entry
• RSM (introduced in SL Enhanced models)
  Resume from System Management Mode
• WBINVD
  Write Back and Invalidate Cache
• XADD
  Exchange and Add

Instructions added with the Pentium processors:

• CMPXCHG8B
  Compare and Exchange Bytes
• RDMSR
  Read from Model Specific Register
• RDTSC
  Read Time-Stamp Counter
• WRMSR
  Write to Model Specific Register

Integer instructions added with the Pentium Pro processors:

• CMOVcc (CMOVA, CMOVAE, CMOVB, CMOVBE, CMOVC, CMOVE, CMOVG, CMOVGE, CMOVL, CMOVLE, CMOVNA, CMOVNAE, CMOVNB, CMOVNBE, CMOVNC, CMOVNE, CMOVNG, CMOVNGE, CMOVNL, CMOVNLE, CMOVNO, CMOVNP, CMOVNS, CMOVNZ, CMOVO, CMOVP, CMOVPE, CMOVPO, CMOVS, CMOVZ)
  Conditional Move
• RDPMC
  Read Performance-Monitoring Counters
• SYSCALL (AMD version of SYSENTER)
  Fast System Call
• SYSENTER
  Fast System Call
• SYSEXIT
  Fast Return from Fast System Call
• SYSRET (AMD version of SYSEXIT)
  Return From Fast System Call
• UD2
  Undefined Instruction

Floating-Point instructions added with the Pentium Pro processors:

• FCMOVcc (FCMOVB, FCMOVBE, FCMOVE, FCMOVNB, FCMOVNBE, FCMOVNE, FCMOVNU, FCMOVU)
  Floating-Point Conditional Move
• FCOMI/FCOMIP/FUCOMI/FUCOMIP
  Compare Floating Point Values and Set EFLAGS

Instructions added with the K6-2 processors:

• SYSCALL (AMD version of SYSENTER)
  Fast System Call
• SYSRET (AMD version of SYSEXIT)
  Fast Return from Fast System Call

Instructions added with the Pentium MMX processors:

• RDPMC
  Read Performance-Monitoring Counters